- gcc选择
- 常用目录
- portage 用git
- history
- arm64
- 整个系统重新build
- 修改make.conf
- 修改源码编译
- 启动项相关
- 更新portage
- 关于use
- 更新整个系统系统 --非常慢
- 指定版本安装
- 添加udev支持
- 自动起ssh服务
- 检查一个命令属于哪个ebuild --貌似不太好用
- 检查一个ebuild包含那些文件
- 安装常用软件
- eix用法
- 调试手段更新
- gentoo的调试手段
- 错误解决
1. gcc选择
gcc-config -l
gcc-config mips64-unknown-linux-gnu-4.9.3
2. 常用目录
# protage
/usr/portage
#下载目录
/usr/portage/distfiles
#编译目录
/var/tmp/portage
3. portage 用git
https://gitweb.gentoo.org/repo/gentoo.git/
https://anongit.gentoo.org/git/repo/gentoo.git
拷贝到/usr/portage就好了
4. history
emerge --info
emerge-webrsync
cat /etc/portage/make.conf
emerge -avtuDN @world
eselect news read
emerge --list-sets
eix
emerge gentoolkit
dispatch-conf
eix gcc
eix-update
emerge -pO @installed | grep glib
eselect profile list
emerge -avtDp @world
gcc -c -Q -march=native --help=target
#--emptytree, -e
#Reinstalls target atoms and their entire deep dependency tree, as though no packages are currently installed. You should run this with --pretend first to make sure the result is what you expect.
emerge -evp @world
emerge --depclean
gcc-config -l
#binutils-config -l
eselect binutils list
profile-config list
eclean-dist --deep
genkernel --menuconfig --no-strip all
5. arm64
/etc/portage/make.conf
# These settings were set by the catalyst build script that automatically
# built this stage.
# Please consult /usr/share/portage/config/make.conf.example for a more
# detailed example.
CFLAGS="-march=native -mtune=native -Og -pipe -ggdb"
CXXFLAGS="${CFLAGS}"
ACCEPT_KEYWORDS="~arm64"
FEATURES="nostrip"
# WARNING: Changing your CHOST is not something that should be done lightly.
# Please consult https://wiki.gentoo.org/wiki/Changing_the_CHOST_variable before changing.
CHOST="aarch64-unknown-linux-gnu"
PORTDIR="/usr/portage"
DISTDIR="/usr/portage/distfiles"
PKGDIR="/usr/portage/packages"
# This sets the language of build output to English.
# Please keep this setting intact when reporting bugs.
LC_MESSAGES=C
6. 整个系统重新build
emerge -ev @world
-e: emptytree
7. 修改make.conf
root@localhost /etc/portage
#cat make.conf
# These settings were set by the catalyst build script that automatically
# built this stage.
# Please consult /usr/share/portage/config/make.conf.example for a more
# detailed example.
CFLAGS="-O2 -march=octeon2 -mabi=64 -pipe"
CXXFLAGS="${CFLAGS}"
# WARNING: Changing your CHOST is not something that should be done lightly.
# Please consult http://www.gentoo.org/doc/en/change-chost.xml before changing.
CHOST="mips64-unknown-linux-gnu"
PORTDIR="/usr/portage"
DISTDIR="${PORTDIR}/distfiles"
PKGDIR="${PORTDIR}/packages"
GENTOO_MIRRORS="http://mirrors.stuhome.net/gentoo"
SYNC="rsync://mirrors.stuhome.net/gentoo-portage"
MAKEOPTS="-j48"
8. 修改源码编译
8.1. 注意使用全路径ebuild
#ebuild /usr/portage/dev-db/mysql/mysql-5.6.21.ebuild clean
#ebuild /usr/portage/dev-db/mysql/mysql-5.6.21.ebuild fetch
#ebuild /usr/portage/dev-db/mysql/mysql-5.6.21.ebuild unpack
#ebuild /usr/portage/dev-db/mysql/mysql-5.6.21.ebuild prepare
#ebuild /usr/portage/dev-db/mysql/mysql-5.6.21.ebuild configure
#ebuild /usr/portage/dev-db/mysql/mysql-5.6.21.ebuild compile
#ebuild /usr/portage/dev-db/mysql/mysql-5.6.21.ebuild install
#ebuild /usr/portage/dev-db/mysql/mysql-5.6.21.ebuild qmerge
8.2. 查看编译错误
cat /var/tmp/portage/dev-db/mysql-5.6.21/temp/mysql_install_db.log
8.3. 源码路径
cd /var/tmp/portage/dev-db/mysql-5.6.21/work/
9. 启动项相关
rc-update del keymaps boot
octeon-host proc # rc-update del udev sysinit
* service udev removed from runlevel sysinit
octeon-host proc # rc-update del urandom boot
* service urandom removed from runlevel boot
#rc-config list
#rc-update show
#rc-update add
#rc-update del
10. 更新portage
#emerge --sync && emerge portage
根据提示要执行emerge --oneshot portage
11. 关于use
对每个包进行use控制/etc/portage/package.use
查看use的含义euse -i alsa
12. 更新整个系统系统 --非常慢
#emerge -avtuDN @world
-a --ask
-v --verbose
-t --tree
-u --update
-D --deep
-N --newuse
常用选项
--pretend
--autounmask-write
关于删除的选项
-C --unmerge 不检查依赖关系
-c --depclean 检查依赖关系
但提示需要更新/etc/portage此时需要:#etc-update
或者, 用更好点的. dispatch-conf 使用的时候选u, 使用新的配置文件. 选z是使用旧的, 删除新的
使用方法 http://www.gentoo-wiki.info/TIP_dispatch-conf#dispatch-conf
13. 指定版本安装
emerge --search mysql
emerge -av --pretend =dev-db/mysql-5.6.16
emerge -av --pretend =mysql-5.6.16
14. 添加udev支持
加USE="... udev ..."
更新use
emerge --ask --changed-use --deep @world
15. 自动起ssh服务
rc-update add sshd default
#/etc/init.d/sshd start
16. 检查一个命令属于哪个ebuild --貌似不太好用
equery b /usr/sbin/lspci
17. 检查一个ebuild包含那些文件
equery f mysql
18. 安装常用软件
安装lspci
#emerge pciutils
安装vim
#emerge vim
安装equery
#emerge gentoolkit
安装系统记录
#emerge syslog-ng
#rc-update add syslog-ng default
安装locate工具
#emerge mlocate
安装周期deamon
#emerge cronie
#rc-update add cronie default
安装dhcp client
#emerge dhcpcd
安装strace
#emerge strace
新增
#emerge eix
#emerge lshw
19. eix用法
eix key_word
eix-sync
20. 调试手段更新
https://wiki.gentoo.org/wiki/Debugging
dgentoo ~ # cat /etc/portage/env/*
CFLAGS="${CFLAGS} -ggdb"
CXXFLAGS="${CXXFLAGS} -ggdb"
FEATURES="${FEATURES} splitdebug compressdebug -nostrip"
USE="debug"
FEATURES="${FEATURES} installsources"
dgentoo /etc/portage # cat package.env
category/some-package debugsyms
category/some-library debugsyms installsources
21. gentoo的调试手段
https://wiki.gentoo.org/wiki//etc/portage/env
增加包单独的编译选项, 比如这里分别对libtool和mysql增加链接选项
/etc/portage/package.env
dev-db/mysql ld.conf debug.conf
sys-devel/libtool ld.conf
ld.conf 和 debug.conf是自己创建的文件/etc/portage/env目录下
ld.conf
LDFLAGS="${LDFLAGS} -Wl,-lpthread,-ldl"
CFLAGS="${CFLAGS} -Wl,-lpthread,-ldl"
CXXFLAGS="${CXXFLAGS} -Wl,-lpthread,-ldl"
debug.conf
CFLAGS="${CFLAGS} -ggdb"
CXXFLAGS="${CXXFLAGS} -ggdb"
FEATURES="splitdebug"
[注]: -Wl是gcc传递给ld的格式, -Wl, aaa,bbb 相当于传递给ld aaa bbb
gentoo-host / # cat /etc/portage/package.env
dev-db/mysql make.conf
gentoo-host / # cat /etc/portage/env/make.conf
CFLAGS="-O2 -march=octeon2 -mabi=64 -pipe"
CXXFLAGS="${CFLAGS}"
22. 错误解决
You're missing a /dev/fd symlink to /proc/self/fd.
解决:#ln -s /proc/self/fd /dev/fd
22.1. block B错误
解决:
先卸载阻挡的包, 再更新
#emerge --unmerge procps
#emerge --unmerge sysvinit